It is a state of irrational fear or intense anxiety of being in places where it is difficult to escape or where, in case of having a problem, it would be difficult to get help. It is frequently related to the presence of panic attacks.
The cause of the disorder is unknown, although it has been associated with genetic, personality and environmental factors.
The symptoms experienced by the patient are intense anxiety and avoidance. Anxiety or fear of being alone, of losing control, etc. Avoidance of large crowds, being alone at home, driving, wide open spaces, being away from home, staying indoors, etc.
The fear or anxiety is disproportionate to the actual danger and is continuous, typically lasting 6 or more months.
Diagnosis is made by directed questioning.
Treatment combines psychological and pharmacological therapy with anxiolytic and antidepressant medication.
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