An allergic reaction is an exaggerated reactivity of the body to certain substances (allergens) that are harmless to most people.
It seems to be caused by a combination of genetic predisposition and exposure to such allergens (e.g. pollen, dust mites, animal hair dander, insect bites, plants, drugs, food, occupational allergies due to prolonged contact with substances, physical agents, etc.).
The vast majority of allergic reactions are mild, but some can be severe and even fatal, depending on whether the body's response is local or generalized.
The most frequent clinical manifestations are itching, skin reaction in the form of hives, wheals or redness (urticaria), red eyes and nasal congestion, and may also be accompanied by coughing, difficulty in swallowing, wheezing, palpitations, anxiety, abdominal pain, diarrhea, dizziness, vertigo, swelling, loss of consciousness, flushing, reddening of the face, disorientation, etc.
Diagnosis is based primarily on clinical history and a complete physical examination, although your physician may request blood tests and allergy skin tests.
In terms of treatment, the most important thing is to identify, remove and avoid the allergen that is causing the allergic reaction. Your physician will decide which drugs are indicated to minimize the symptoms caused by the allergen (anti-inflammatory drugs, bronchodilators, leukotriene inhibitors and monoclonal antibody therapy).
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