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Dehydration is defined as the deficiency of fluid in your body that prevents its normal functioning (imbalance due to imbalance between intake versus losses). Some losses are excreted by the kidneys (hormone deficiency, intrinsic renal disorders), while others are extra-renal (skin, gastrointestinal, pulmonary or bleeding). The most common symptoms are low blood pressure, feeling thirsty, dry mouth, limited and concentrated urine, cold and dry skin, muscle cramps, headache, and in severe cases irritability, confusion, dizziness, rapid pulse and breathing, apathy, wrinkled skin, sunken eyes and signs of shock. It is diagnosed by medical history, physical examination and laboratory tests. It is vital to replace lost fluids and treat the underlying cause.
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Dr. Oscar Garcia-Esquirol
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