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Common-
It is a learning disorder that affects the ability to read effectively, due to difficulties in decoding and comprehension of written language. It affects approximately 5-10% of the population.
The exact causes are not known, but it is related to genetics, brain development and environmental experience.
Symptoms include difficulty reading fluently and understanding the meaning of words, confusion of similar letters and numbers, difficulty writing, not understanding spelling rules and making many mistakes, and having to spell to remember information read.
Diagnosis is based on neuropsychological assessment, language skills and direct observation of reading and writing.
Treatment is based on acquiring reading skills and abilities.
- American Psychiatric Association. Specific Learning Disorder. In: Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, Fifth Edition, Text Revision, American Psychiatric Association, Washington, DC 2022. p.76.
- Rydz D, Srour M, Oskoui M, et al. Screening for developmental delay in the setting of a community pediatric clinic: a prospective assessment of parent-report questionnaires. Pediatrics 2006; 118:e1178.
- International Dyslexia Association. Definition of dyslexia. Available at: interdys.org/FactSheets.htm (Accessed on February 13, 2008).
- McLaughlin MJ, Speirs KE, Shenassa ED. Reading disability and adult attained education and income: evidence from a 30-year longitudinal study of a population-based sample. J Learn Disabil 2014; 47:374
- Hendren RL, Haft SL, Black JM, et al. Recognizing Psychiatric Comorbidity With Reading Disorders. Front Psychiatry 2018; 9:101.
Dr. Abel Andrés Orelogio
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