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Injury to the face as a result of the action of an external force or energy, which damages soft tissues without causing a fracture.
The most frequent causes are falls, acts of violence, accidents or random blows.
It usually manifests with pain, swelling, bleeding (nose, mouth or wounds), loss of teeth, difficulty breathing and changes in sensitivity of the face.
The diagnosis is obtained by clinical questioning of the episode and physical examination. Imaging tests may be necessary to rule out internal lesions (x-ray and/or CT scan of the head).
The treatment aims to control pain and inflammation through analgesics and anti-inflammatories. Additionally, indirect local cold can be applied to reduce inflammation. In bleeding lesions, direct compression should be done to stop bleeding. Some cases may require stitches.
The most frequent causes are falls, acts of violence, accidents or random blows.
It usually manifests with pain, swelling, bleeding (nose, mouth or wounds), loss of teeth, difficulty breathing and changes in sensitivity of the face.
The diagnosis is obtained by clinical questioning of the episode and physical examination. Imaging tests may be necessary to rule out internal lesions (x-ray and/or CT scan of the head).
The treatment aims to control pain and inflammation through analgesics and anti-inflammatories. Additionally, indirect local cold can be applied to reduce inflammation. In bleeding lesions, direct compression should be done to stop bleeding. Some cases may require stitches.
- N. Rodrigo. Manejo del trauma facial: Una guía práctica. Rev Med Clín Las Condes. 21(1): 31-39.
- B. Dagnino, R. Ramírez. Manejo de heridas faciales. Cuad Cir. 2006;20(1):100-107.
- UpToDate [Internet]. Waltham. 2017. Initial evaluation and management of facial trauma in adults; [citado el 20 de junio de 2017]. Disponible en: http://www.uptodate.com/contents/initial-evaluation-and-management-of-facial-trauma-in-adults?source=search_result&search=traumatismo+de+la+boca&selectedTitle=4~150
- MedlinePlus [Internet]. Rockville (Maryland). 2017. Traumatismo facial; [citado el 20 de junio de 2017]. Disponible en: https://medlineplus.gov/spanish/ency/article/001062.htm
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