Guillain-Barré syndrome

This is a serious health problem that occurs when the body's defenses (immune system) attack the central nervous system. It can occur at any age but is most common between the ages of 30 and 50 years. The exact cause is unknown but onset occurs a few days after infection. Part of the nerves that control muscles are destroyed, which is why the main symptom is weakness/paralysis. The clinical course may vary but it typically begins in the legs before gradually ascending towards the arms, chest and even the neck; in these cases, respiratory assistance is required due to respiratory failure. Diagnosis is clinical but an electromyogram and analysis of the cerebrospinal fluid should be performed for confirmation. There is no specific treatment, only treatment to control the symptoms and complications. The immune system that is attacking may also be targeted sometimes by different methods, with varying results. Recovery may take several months but most patients have a positive outcome. Warning signs to seek urgent medical care: difficulty breathing or swallowing, the occurrence of drooling and severe muscle weakness that hinders walking.