Wound infections are the infestation of these by one or more species of microorganisms.
Bacteria, fungi and viruses can cause this condition. The type of microorganisms that most commonly infect wounds depends on the environment in which it has been produced, the individual's immune status and the depth of the wound.
The general signs and symptoms are redness and discoloration, swelling and firmness of the area, sloughing, stinging, hard or tense skin, red spots or streaks and sometimes fever, particularly if the infection reaches the bloodstream.
The diagnosis is based on observation, physical examination and signs and symptoms. The laboratory tests are very useful to identify the microorganism responsible and determine the antimicrobial treatment that will be most effective.
Many bacterial or superficial viral infections resolve on their own without the need for treatment. Other bacterial infections will only require topical antimicrobial treatment and, in some cases, incision and drainage are required. Deep infections, as well as persistent ones, often require oral antibiotic treatment.
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