Gamma-hydroxybutyric acid (GHB) is known as "liquid ecstasy" (although it is not an amphetamine). It is a recreational drug commonly used by teenagers and young adults, often in combination with alcohol, cocaine, and other synthetic drugs.
Its maximum effect occurs about 30 minutes after ingestion, and the duration depends on the amount consumed. Toxicity is dose-dependent, meaning that effects vary depending on the amount taken.
Desired effects include euphoria, disinhibition, a sense of well-being, and increased sexual stimulation. Similar to other sedatives, dose escalation can lead to typical symptoms associated with central nervous system (CNS) depression, potentially resulting in deep coma with respiratory depression, hypotension, and bradycardia.
Diagnosis is made by clinical interview and physical examination. Additional tests include blood and urine analysis, electrocardiogram, and chest x-ray.
Treatment includes individualized symptom control and support, with close monitoring in the hospital.
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