Migraine (Pediatrics - PEDS)

A migraine is an intense, throbbing headache. It is a very common condition. The exact cause is unknown, although genetic, vascular and neuronal dysfunction theories have been hypothesized. Triggering factors include stress, lack of sleep, strenuous exercise, fasting and certain foods. Symptoms include intense, throbbing headache, generally on one side of the head, nausea, vomiting and hypersensitivity to light and noise. There may be a migraine aura: premonitory neurological symptoms of pain. Diagnosis is clinical. If a migraine presents with associated neurological symptoms, imaging tests may be required to rule out other diseases (stroke, tumors, etc.). Migraine treatment consists of resting in a dark and quiet place, analgesics, antiemetics, 5-HT1 receptor agonists and ergotamines. Triggering factors should be avoided to prevent further episodes.