Pemphigoid

Medium urgency
-Moderately severe

Autoimmune disease caused by antibodies that attack the thin layer just below the outer layer of skin, forming large, itchy blisters.

The triggering cause is generally unknown eventhough cases of a drug (Etanercept, Sulfasalazine, Furosemide, Peniciline) onset related to UV light phototherapy and radiotherapy have been described.

It is diagnosed by examination of the lesions, a skin biopsy and measuring circulating antibodies.

The goal of the treatment is to relieve the itching and it is achieved through corticosteroids, immunosuppressants and biological agents.

Symptoms usually subside in a few months, but sometimes treatment is needed for several years.

Bibliographic references
  1. B.S. Daniel, L. Borradori, R.P. Hall 3rd, D.F. Murrell. Evidence-based management of bullous pemphigoid. Dermatol Clin, 29 (2011), pp. 613-620.
  2. D.F. Mutasim. Autoimmune bullous dermatoses in the elderly: an update on pathophysiology, diagnosis and management. Drugs Aging, 1 (2010), pp. 1-19.
  3. G. Di Zenzo, G. Marazza, L. Borradori. Bullous pemphigoid: physiopathology, clinical features and management. Adv Dermatol, 23 (2007), pp. 257-288.
  4. G. Kirtschig, N.P. Khumalo. Management of bullous pemphigoid: recommendations for immunomodulatory treatments. Am J Clin Dermatol, 5 (2004), pp. 319-326.
  5. S.M. Langan, L. Smeeth, R. Hubbard, K.M. Fleming, C.J. Smith, J. West. Bullous pemphigoid and pemphigus vulgaris--incidence and mortality in the UK: population based cohort study.
  6. BMJ, 337 (2008), pp. a180.
  7. P. Joly, S. Baricault, A. Sparsa, P. Bernard, C. Bédane, S. Duvert-Lehembre, et al. Incidence and mortality of bullous pemphigoid in France. J Invest Dermatol, 132 (2012), pp. 1
Author
Dr. Abel Andrés Orelogio
Copyright
© TeckelMedical 2026

Symptoms

    Blisters with bloody content


    Blisters with serous content


    Reddened skin region with vesicles, blisters and/or small red spots


    Itchy skin


    Blisters in anogenital region

Pre-hospital care recommendations

Relative rest, rest until symptoms subside.
Call medical assistance for instructions.