Podoconiosis

Podoconiosis, also known as non-filarial elephantiasis, is a non-infectious geochemical disease affecting the lymphatic vessels of the lower limbs. 

It is caused by an abnormal inflammatory reaction to mineral particles in the soil that eventually leads to lymphedema and elephantiasis. 

The main symptoms are swelling and disfigurement of the lower limbs. Before reaching this point, there is a burning or itching sensation in the legs, later progressing to swelling of the sole where lymph is produced, together with hyperkeratosis, moss-like papillomas and stiffness of the toes. 

Diagnosis is made by clinical history, physical examination and a blood test to confirm the diagnosis. 

Prevention through footwear and proper floor covering in the home is the most important measure to combat the disease. When it appears, washing the feet with soap and water, use of antiseptics and emollients, moisturizing creams, elevation of the legs and compressive bandages are recommended. In severe cases, surgery will be necessary.