It is an infection caused by a parasite called schistosoma, common in developing countries, especially in sub-Saharan Africa.
It is acquired when its larvae penetrate through the skin, in areas with contaminated water. They pass into the blood to travel to the lungs where they reproduce. They pass back into the blood to finally nest in the liver, where they can live for up to 5 years. Other organs affected include the brain, urine bladder, rectum, intestines and spleen.
Symptoms will vary depending on the stage of the infection cycle. It usually starts with itching and rash at the skin entry site, followed by fever, chills and swollen glands, liver and spleen. It may also affect the intestines and urinary tract.
For diagnosis, it is very important to ask about possible contact with the larvae by bathing in stagnant water. A thorough physical examination for skin lesions should be performed.
There is a specific treatment for parasites called Praziquantel.
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