Sudden sensorineural hearing loss - SNHL

A rare condition that presents in less than 12 hours with a sudden decrease in hearing in three adjacent audiometric frequencies.

The etiology is usually unknown, although it has been attributed to viral infection, vascular changes (thrombosis or embolism), autoimmune disease and trauma. In most cases, only one ear is affected.

In addition to deafness, symptoms may include a sensation of blocked or ringing ears (tinnitus).

Diagnosis is based on clinical history and a complete physical examination. Audiometric testing helps classify the type of hearing loss.

Treatment depends on the cause: vasodilators, corticosteroids, antiplatelet drugs, antivirals, etc.