This is an irrational fear or intense anxiety about being in places where it is difficult to escape or where it would be difficult to get help in the event of a problem. It is often associated with panic attacks.
Although the cause of the condition is unknown, it has been linked to genetic, personality and environmental factors.
Symptoms experienced by patients include intense anxiety and avoidance. Fear of being left alone, fear of losing control, avoiding large crowds, being alone at home, driving, wide open spaces, being far from home, being in enclosed spaces, etc.
The fear or anxiety is disproportionate to reality and is continuous, lasting up to 6 months or more.
Diagnosis is made by means of a guided interview.
Treatment combines psychological and pharmacological therapy with anxiolytic and antidepressant medication.
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