Injury to the ligaments of the ankle joint that occurs after the foot is forced into an unnatural position. It is a very common reason for emergency department visits. There are different classifications depending on the severity of the symptoms and the strain on the ligaments.
It is usually caused by a bruise of the ligaments that give stability to the ankle, or by poor posture when stepping on the ground, which causes the ligament to stretch beyond its elastic limit.
Symptoms include severe pain, swelling and bruising of the joint.
It is diagnosed clinically by asking about the episode and examining the ankle. X-rays are usually needed.
Treatment includes cold, compression with an elastic bandage, immobilisation and elevation of the limb. Rehabilitation is then carried out.
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