Complex partial epilepsy - Complex partial seizures

It is a type of seizure that starts in one region of the brain, like a partial focus of electric activity that then generalises to the rest of the brain.

Often the cause triggering of this abnormal electric activity in the brain is unknown. It has been described to be associated with trauma, infections, and toxic substances.

The symptoms are first localised in a particular region of the body, for example, repetitive movements in one arm that then, generalise causing loss of consciousness and seizures. Automatisms such as suckling, chewing and coughing are common; complex gestures are: fixing one's clothes, moving furniture, automatic speech.

The diagnosis is clinical, through the patient's questioning and a physical examination. An electroencephalography needs to be performed in order to confirm the diagnosis. Other imaging tests may be necessary to study the cause.

In some instances, childhood epilepsy may be cured spontaneously once reaching puberty. In the meantime, episodes will be managed with antiepileptics.