Benign tumour that can grown in any of the uterus layers. It is considered the most frequent pelvic tumour found in women.
The cause is unknown but it is believed to have genetic and hormonal implications.
It is characterised by longer than normal bleeding episodes during menstrual periods. Not to be confused with bleeding between menstrual periods or after getting the menopause. The latter suggest other diseases as they aren't a symptom typical to myoma. It can go alongside pelvic cramps, pain and a feeling of pressure in the lower abdomen. If there is heavy bleeding, it may lead to anaemia, with its typical symptoms associated to tiredness.
The diagnosis is clinical, reached by clinical questioning, a gynaecological examination and an ultrasound.
Treatment will vary according to the symptoms, age, desire to have a baby, etc. In general, pain will be treated with regular painkillers, anaemia with iron, and hormone therapy will be prescribed (contraceptive pills). Surgery may be required for severe cases with intense pain or significant bleeding.
- Elizabeth A Stewart. Epidemiology, clinical manifestations, diagnosis, and natural history of uterine leiomyomas (fibroids). UpToDate, Abril 2015
- Munro MG. FIGO Menstrual Disorders Working Group. The FIGO classification of causes of abnormal uterine bleeding in the reproductive years. Fertil Steril 2011; 95:2204.
- Elizabeth A Stewart. Overview of treatment of uterine leiomyomas (fibroids). UpToDate, Mayo 2016
- Parker WH. Uterine myomas: management. Fertil Steril 2007; 88:255.
- Janet E. Hall. Trastornos menstruales y dolor pélvico. Harrison. Principios de Medicina Interna, 19e. Capítulo 69
