Erythroderma is said to occur when 90% or more of the body's skin surface is red and peeling.
It occurs as a complication of another skin condition, as a reaction to medication or as a manifestation of cancer. In up to 25% of cases, the cause is never found.
It appears as hardened, bright red patches that are itchy and grow slowly until they join together to cover a large part of the body's surface. These reddened areas are accompanied by scaling, usually in areas of flexion of the arms and legs.
The diagnosis is made by a physical examination of the skin and interview to determine the cause.
Treatment should include proper nutrition, correction of any hydro-electrolyte imbalance, maintenance of the skin's barrier function, the use of antihistamines to treat itching and antibiotics if secondary bacterial infection is suspected.
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