MyMediktor - Gastritis

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Inflammation of the lining of the stomach.

The most common causes are: medicines or alcohol, or infection with Helicobacter pylori.

It does not usually cause symptoms, but if it does, it can cause abdominal pain, loss of appetite, nausea and vomiting. Although rare, gastrointestinal bleeding may be the first sign.

The diagnosis is made by clinical questioning and physical examination. Suspicion is confirmed by a blood test and examination for H. pylori infection.

The cause must be treated and medication given to reduce stomach acid.

Bibliographic references

Mark Feldman, Pamela J Jensen. Classification and diagnosis of gastritis and gastropathy. UpToDate. Dec 17, 2015.
Rugge M, Meggio A, Pennelli G, et al. Gastritis staging in clinical practice: the OLGA staging system. Gut 2007; 56:631.
Isajevs S, Liepniece-Karele I, Janciauskas D, et al. Gastritis staging: interobserver agreement by applying OLGA and OLGIM systems. Virchows Arch 2014; 464:403.
John Del Valle. Úlcera péptica y trastornos relacionados. Gastritis. Harrison. Principios de Medicina Interna. Volumen 2. 19ª Edición. 1930:1932.
Gastritis. Farreras Rozman. Medicina Interna. Volumen II. Duodécima edición. 70:76

Author

Dr. Oscar Garcia-Esquirol

Copyright

Symptoms

Heartburn in pit of the stomach

Pain in the pit of the stomach

Nausea

Sensation of gastric fullness

Localised abdominal pain

Symptoms to watch out for

Dark/black stools

Vomit with blood

Abdominal pain that does not subside with usual treatment

History of immunodeficiency (HIV, diabetes mellitus, oncological disorders, long-term corticosteroid consumption).

Fever (temperature higher than 38 ºC)

Self-care

Eat small meals every day, rather than 2 or 3 large meals.

Take an antacid 30 to 60 minutes before breakfast.

Avoid taking over-the-counter medications like non-steroidal anti-inflammatories.

Avoid fatty foods like red meat, butter, fried foods and cheese.

Reduce alcohol consumption.