It is the abnormal growth of the nail that sinks into the soft flesh of the finger. It can happen on the free end or the side of the nail. It is most common on the big toe, but can affect any nail.
Cutting nails too short, wearing tight shoes or trauma to the nail are common causes. People with poor circulation, such as people with diabetes, may be more likely to get it.
The symptoms are pain and redness around the nail. Sometimes the end of the finger is inflamed, which may indicate an infection in the affected area.
Diagnosis is made by examination and a short interview.
Treatment depends on the degree of sinking into the flesh and can range from slightly lifting the nail to partial or complete removal of the nail. If there are signs of infection, antibiotics should be given early to prevent progression.
It is not usually necessary to go to the emergency room, but a healthcare professional should check the area to prevent a serious infection that affects the bone.
Diabetics should be particularly careful, as the ingrown nail may go unnoticed due to the nerve damage caused by the poor circulation characteristic of the disease. The condition of the feet should be checked frequently.
It is advisable to cut the nails straight rather than following the curvature of the finger to prevent ingrowth. Nails should be of sufficient length and shoes should not be too tight on the fingers. If your job involves foot impact, it is advisable to use steel toecap footwear.
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