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This is a much rarer variant of Guillain-Barré syndrome which produces an autoimmune destruction of the myelin sheath of the nerves.
The exact cause of the autoimmune response is unknown, although there is strong evidence that a bacterial or viral infection acts as a trigger.
It is characterised by the association of three symptoms: ophthalmoplegia (partial paralysis of the eyes), ataxia (incoordination of limbs) and areflexia (absence of muscle reflexes). It has a progressive onset and is characteristically not associated with weakness.
Diagnosis is clinical by questioning and a physical examination. It is confirmed by detection of antibodies in a blood test.
Treatment includes immunoglobulins and plasmapheresis.
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Dr. Sara Vitoria
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