The existence of a lesion in the group of muscles or tendons which provide stability to the shoulder; it can be an inflammation, rupture or tear. It is one of the most common causes of shoulder pain.
The most frequent cause is a daily repetitive action with the upper limb. It can also be due to trauma and age-related degeneration of the tendons.
It manifests as pain and weakness of the upper, anterior and lateral surfaces of the shoulder. Pain increases during activities that raise the arm above the head and with rest during the night in particular.
Diagnosis is clinical through a questioning and a physical examination. The study will be completed with imaging tests (X-ray, ultrasound and/or MRI).
Treatment is aimed at relieving pain and restoring shoulder function. Initially, rest is recommended, followed by physiotherapy to speed up recovery. In severe cases where medical treatment has not been effective, surgical repair may be necessary.
- Stephen M Simons. Presentation and diagnosis of rotator cuff tears. UpToDate, Junio 2015.
- Stephen M Simons. Rotator cuff tendinopathy. UpToDate, Julio 2016.
- Scott David Martin. Management of rotator cuff tears. UpToDate, Mayo 2016.
- Oh LSl. Indications for rotator cuff repair: a systematic review. Clin Orthop Relat Res 2007; 455:52.
- Carol A. Langford. Trastornos periarticulares de las extremidades. Harrison. Principios de Medicina Interna, 19e. Capítulo 398.
