Podoconiosis, also known as non-filarial elephantiasis, is a non-infectious geochemical disease which affects the lymph vessels of the lower limbs.
It appears due to an abnormal inflammatory reaction to mineral particles in the soil, which lead to lymphoedema and elephantiasis.
The main symptoms are swelling and disfigurement of the lower limbs. Before reaching this point, there is a sensation of burning or itching on the legs, progressing to plantar oedema, through which lymph is discharged, together with hyperkeratosis, moss-like papilloma and toe stiffness.
The diagnosis is performed through clinical history, physical assessment and a blood test is also indicated to confirm the diagnosis.
Prevention through shoeware and a correct coating of house flooring are the most important measures to fight against this disease. When it appears, it is recommended rinsing the feet with water and neutral soap, the use of antiseptics and emollients, moisturisers with humectants, elevating the legs, as well as compression bandages. In severe cases, surgery will be required.
- Molyneux DH. Tropical Lymphedemas — Control and Prevention. New England Journal of Medicine (2012). 366 (13): 1169-1171
- Davey G, Tekola F, Newport MJ. Podoconiosis: non-infectious geochemical elephantiasis. Transactions of the Royal Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene (2007). 101 (12): 1175-1180
- Phillips, RO, Deribe K, Tomczyk S, Tekola-Ayele F. Ten Years of Podoconiosis Research in Ethiopia. PLoS Neglected Tropical Diseases (2013). 7 (10): e2301
