It is a common skin condition that causes redness, pimples and visible blood vessels on the face (cheeks, nose, forehead and chin). They may appear for weeks or months and then disappear for a while. It can be confused with acne, other skin problems or natural flushing.
The age when symptoms first appear and the lack of blackheads and whiteheads help distinguish rosacea from acne. It can affect anyone, but is more common in women between 30-50 years old who have fair skin.
Its cause is unknown, but some people may be prone to develop it due to hereditary and environmental factors. Factors that can trigger outbreaks include hot drinks and spicy foods, alcoholic beverages, extreme temperatures, sunlight or wind, emotions, exercise, various cosmetic products.
It manifests with frequent flushing, transient or permanent redness (erythema), telangiectasias, papules and pustules with periodic exacerbations and remissions, as well as rhinophyma in the more advanced stages. There may also be ocular involvement in which the patient presents with dry, irritated and swollen eyes and red, puffy eyelids.
There is no cure for rosacea, but treatment can control and reduce signs and symptoms through the use of oral or topical antibiotics, laser treatment or dermabrasion. To avoid worsening rosacea, it is recommended to avoid certain foods, alcohol and hot drinks, and to avoid exposure to sunlight, temperature extremes, wind and cosmetics.
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