Condition in which the tongue becomes swollen and inflamed.
It can have multiple causes such as allergic reaction (dental hygiene products, food, or medications), dry mouth caused by Sjögren's syndrome, infections (bacteria, fungi or viruses), injury (burns, rough edges of teeth or ill-fitting dentures), skin conditions affecting the mouth, irritants (tobacco, alcohol, very hot, spicy or other irritating foods), hormonal factors and/or certain vitamin deficiencies. Sometimes it can be hereditary.
Clinical manifestations may be difficulty in chewing, swallowing or speaking, smooth tongue surface, tender, sore or swollen tongue, pale red or shiny tongue color, tongue swelling, and may lead to less frequent problems or symptoms such as airway blockage or problems in speaking, chewing or swallowing.
The diagnosis is made through a detailed history and physical examination.
The goal of treatment is to reduce inflammation and pain with good oral hygiene, antibiotics or other medications to treat the infection and avoid irritants (alcohol, hot or spicy foods and smoking) to reduce any discomfort.
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