For most people, it is an overreaction of the skin to a non-pathogenic stimulus. It is estimated that up to a third of the world's population suffers from some form of allergy.
There are many causes and the main ones are: food, medicines, animal dander, insect bites and contact with metals.
The most common symptoms are itching, reddening of the skin and hives.
It is diagnosed by clinical history and physical examination. Specific tests are available to identify the offending substance.
Exposure to the allergen must be avoided and the symptoms treated with antihistamines.
You should contact your doctor immediately if you experience dizziness, difficulty swallowing or shortness of breath.
- Andrew D Samel, MD. Drug eruptions. UpToDate, Octubre, 2016.
- Beth G Goldstein, MD. Approach to dermatologic diagnosis. UpToDate, Julio, 2015.
- Heinzerling L. The skin prick test - European standards. Clin Transl Allergy 2013; 3:3.
- Guidelines for the diagnosis and management of food allergy in the United States: report of the NIAID-sponsored expert panel. J Allergy Clin Immunol 2010; 126:S1.
- Joshua A. Boyce. Alergias, anafilaxia y mastocitosis sistémica. Harrison. Principios de Medicina Interna, 19e. Capítulo 376.

