Yellow fever

Medium urgency
-Moderately severe

Severe infectious disease caused by a virus transmitted by a mosquito bite. It primarily affects tropical areas in South America, the Caribbean, and Africa, where it is present as a pandemic.

It is transmitted by a virus from the Flaviviridae family.

Its symptoms vary depending on the disease's stage. There are three different stages: an infection stage with symptoms typical to any other viral infection and a yellow tinge on the skin and conjunctiva (jaundice). A completely asymptomatic remission stage, and the intoxication stage, which is the most severe with high fever, jaundice and multiple organ failure.

Diagnosis is reached clinically, through a questioning of the symptoms, a physical examination and a laboratory analysis by serology.

There is no specific treatment to it, so it based off of only supportive measures. In more severe cases, the patient will be need to be admitted into the intensive care unit.

Bibliographic references
  1. Thomas P Monath. Yellow fever. UpToDate. Junio 2016
  2. Mutebi JP. Phylogenetic and evolutionary relationships among yellow fever virus isolates in Africa. J Virol 2001; 75:6999.
  3. Vasconcelos PF. Genetic divergence and dispersal of yellow fever virus, Brazil. Emerg Infect Dis 2004; 10:1578.
  4. Quaresma JA. Revisiting the liver in human yellow fever: virus-induced apoptosis in hepatocytes associated with TGF-beta, TNF-alpha and NK cells activity. Virology 2006; 345:22.
  5. Jens H. Kuhn.Infecciones por virus transmitidos por artrópodos y roedores. Harrison. Principios de Medicina Interna, 19e. Capítulo 233
  6. Jay S. Keystone. Recomendaciones de salud para viajes internacionales. Harrison. Principios de Medicina Interna, 19e. Capítulo 149
Author
Dr. Patricia Sánchez
Copyright
© TeckelMedical 2026

Symptoms

    Yellow tinge to skin and mucous membranes


    High fever of 40ºC or above


    Gum bleeding


    Diminished level of consciousness


    Seizures

Pre-hospital care recommendations

Consume over-the-counter pain relievers or anti-inflammatories.
Maintain hydration of 2 litres per day.