紧急程度低
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在遭受诸如战争，自然灾害，严重事故或身体虐待等创伤经历后出现的疾病。
症状的出现因人而异，能够在创伤经历后不久出现直至数年之后。它可以呈现给所有年龄段，包括儿童。
它表现为反复出现的记忆，引起焦虑，心理困扰，烦躁，消极思想，与其他人的互动减少，无法感受到快乐，注意力集中的问题，以梦魇或失眠的形式扰乱睡眠，成为观察者的感觉。来自身体以外的自我，对环境的不真实感等。
通过提问进行诊断，通常由精神科医生指导。
治疗的目的是减轻症状，从而促进社会和职业康复。有必要预防可能非常致残的慢性并发症。它们是暴露治疗，压力训练和脱敏。抗焦虑药和镇静剂可用作辅助药物。最后，专注于创伤的认知行为疗法可能非常有效。
- American Psychiatric Association. Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, Fifth Edition (DSM-5), American Psychiatric Association, Arlington 2013.
- Kessler RC, Rose S, Koenen KC, et al. How well can post-traumatic stress disorder be predicted from pre-trauma risk factors? An exploratory study in the WHO World Mental Health Surveys. World Psychiatry 2014; 13:265.
- Jitender Sareen, MD, FRCPC. Posttraumatic stress disorder in adults: Epidemiology, pathophysiology, clinical manifestations, course, assessment, and diagnosis. UpToDate.
- Kessler RC, Berglund P, Demler O, et al. Lifetime prevalence and age-of-onset distributions of DSM-IV disorders in the National Comorbidity Survey Replication. Arch Gen Psychiatry 2005; 62:593.
- Van Ameringen M, Mancini C, Patterson B, Boyle MH. Post-traumatic stress disorder in Canada. CNS Neurosci Ther 2008; 14:171.
- Koenen KC, Ratanatharathorn A, Ng L, et al. Posttraumatic stress disorder in the World Mental Health Surveys. Psychol Med 2017; 47:2260.
Dr. Abel Andrés Orelogio
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