紧急程度低
很常见-
继发于肠道感染的腹泻,其侵入粘膜或通过产生细胞毒素破坏粘膜。
通常由细菌感染引起,最常见的是: 志贺氏菌属,沙门氏菌属 , 空肠弯曲杆菌,小肠结肠炎耶尔森氏菌,大肠杆菌肠道入侵细胞和艰难梭菌 ( Clostridium difficile)。
最常见的症状包括血性腹泻,腹痛和发烧。
诊断是临床,通过询问和体检。通过验血和粪便培养证实。
治疗的主要目的是用常规镇痛药替换丢失的液体和治疗腹痛。在严重的情况下,免疫抑制患者或细菌志贺氏菌感染,将使用定向抗生素治疗。
- Regina LaRocque, MD, MPH, Mark Pietroni, MA, MBBChir, FRCP, DTM&H. Approach to the adult with acute diarrhea in resource-limited countries. UpToDate. Oct 15, 2015.
- World Health Organization. The treatment of diarrhoea, a manual for physicians and other senior health workers. -- 4th revision. Geneva, Switzerland: World Health Organization, 2005.
- Guerrant RL, Van Gilder T, Steiner TS, et al. Practice guidelines for the management of infectious diarrhea. Clin Infect Dis 2001; 32:331.
- World Health Organization. First steps for managing an oubreak of acute diarrhea. Geneva, Switzerland: World Health Organization, 2004.
- Michael Camilleri, Joseph A. Murray. Diarrea y estreñimiento. Harrison. Principios de Medicina Interna. Volumen 1. 19ª Edición. 264:276.
- Regina C. LaRocque, Edward T. Ryan, Stephen B. Calderwood. Diarreas infecciosas agudas e intoxicación alimentaria por bacterias. Harrison. Principios de Medicina Interna. Volumen 2. 19ª Edición. 852:860.
医生 Oscar Garcia-Esquirol
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