良性前列腺肥大

紧急程度很低
很常见-

它是良性起源的前列腺的扩大。随着年龄增长是正常的,特别是50年后,但如果增加过多导致症状。

发展它的主要风险因素是:前列腺炎症(前列腺炎),肥胖,高空腹血糖水平和糖尿病。

它表现为频繁的排尿冲动(通常具有紧迫感),开始排尿的问题和尿液中的效力差。在排尿时可能伴有不适,在排尿时没有完全排空膀胱和尿液的感觉。

诊断是临床的,通过询问和完整的体检,包括直肠指检。

改变一些日常习惯可能会延迟疾病的发作或进程。阿尔法阻断药物将被处方,能够放松膀胱肌肉,有利于其疏散。同样,5α还原酶抑制剂是减少前列腺大小的药物,避免了它对膀胱排空管施加的压力。

参考文献
  1. Glenn R Cunningham, Dov Kadmon. Clinical manifestations and diagnostic evaluation of benign prostatic hyperplasia. UpToDate Aug 20, 2015.
  2. Glenn R Cunningham, Dov Kadmon. Lower urinary tract symptoms in men. UpToDate May 11, 2015.
  3. Glenn R Cunningham, Dov Kadmon. Epidemiology and pathogenesis of benign prostatic hyperplasia. UpToDate Aug 11, 2015.
  4. Glenn R Cunningham, Dov Kadmon. Medical treatment of benign prostatic hyperplasia. UpToDate Oct 08, 2015.
  5. Martin S, Lange K, Haren MT, et al. Risk factors for progression or improvement of lower urinary tract symptoms in a prospective cohort of men. J Urol 2014; 191:130.
  6. Marshall LM, Holton KF, Parsons JK, et al. Lifestyle and health factors associated with progressing and remitting trajectories of untreated lower urinary tract symptoms among elderly men. Prostate Cancer Prostatic Dis 2014; 17:265.
  7. Bang WJ, Lee JY, Koo KC, et al. Is type-2 diabetes mellitus associated with overactive bladder symptoms in men with lower urinary tract symptoms? Urology 2014; 84:670.
  8. Schenk JM, Kristal AR, Neuhouser ML, et al. Serum adiponectin, C-peptide and leptin and risk of symptomatic benign prostatic hyperplasia: results from the Prostate Cancer Prevention Trial. Prostate 2009; 69:1303.
  9. Araujo AB, Yaggi HK, Yang M, et al. Sleep related problems and urological symptoms: testing the hypothesis of bidirectionality in a longitudinal, population based study. J Urol 2014; 191:100.
  10. Howard I. Scher, James A. Easthman. Enfermedades benignas y malignas de la próstata. Harrison. Principios de Medicina Interna. Volumen 2. 19º Edición. 587
作者
医生 Oscar Garcia-Esquirol
版权
© TeckelMedical 2026

症状

    您排尿多次量少


    小便时喷射力小


    小便后还想小便


    难以开始小便


    无法排尿

需要考虑的症状

小便时疼痛
无法排尿
尿中带血
发烧(温度大于 38ºC)
腰背疼痛

个人护理

减少咖啡因摄入量
减少饮酒
避免服用减充血剂或抗组胺药
排尿两次以增加膀胱排空