紧急程度很低
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它是一种慢性退行性疾病,逐渐破坏关节的软骨。也称为骨关节病。 65岁以上的人中几乎有100%患有骨关节炎的放射学迹象,尽管其中许多人没有出现症状。
确切的原因尚不清楚,但已经描述了危险因素或诱发因素:肥胖,高度和重复的身体活动,营养因素和遗传因素。
关节疼痛是主要症状,可能伴有僵硬和运动受限。
它通过临床病史和体格检查确诊。在大多数情况下,将进行成像测试以完成研究(放射线照相,断层扫描或磁共振成像)。
该治疗旨在减轻疼痛,改善功能并延缓疾病的演变。将使用镇痛药,抗炎药和理疗药。通过纠正风险因素并保护关节不受重复使用或假设过载的活动,可以避免其进展。
- National Institute for Health Care and Excellence. Osteoarthritis: care and management in adults. NICE, 2014. www.nice.org.uk/guidance/cg177 (Accessed on April 15, 2015).
- Jordan KM. EULAR Recommendations 2003: an evidence based approach to the management of knee osteoarthritis: Report of a Task Force of the Standing Committee for International Clinical Studies Including Therapeutic Trials (ESCISIT). Ann Rheum Dis 2003; 62:1145.
- Zhang W. EULAR evidence based recommendations for the management of hip osteoarthritis: report of a task force of the EULAR Standing Committee for International Clinical Studies Including Therapeutics (ESCISIT). Ann Rheum Dis 2005; 64:669.
- Hochberg MC. American College of Rheumatology 2012 recommendations for the use of nonpharmacologic and pharmacologic therapies in osteoarthritis of the hand, hip, and knee. Arthritis Care Res (Hoboken) 2012; 64:465.
- David T. Felson. Osteoartritis. Harrison. Principios de Medicina Interna. Volumen 2. 19ª Edición. 2226:2232.
医生 Patricia Sánchez
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